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Spring Cloud集成Sentinel之使用OpenFein实现服务调用 在Spring Cloud使用OpenFeign调用Nacos服务提供者中，我们介绍了OpenFeign调用Nacos的方式。在Spring Cloud集成Sentinel之@SentinelResource注解使用一文中，我们也介绍了@SentinelResource注解，但是注解的方式。本文我们更进一步，介绍以下OpenFeign如何与Setinel集成。添加依赖<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>Cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>cc.lisen</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-order9003</artifactId> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId> <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId> <version>5.7.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId> <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>修改配置文件server: port: 8888 spring: application: name: nacos-consumer-order cloud: nacos: discovery: server-addr: 192.168.120.180:1111 sentinel: transport: dashboard: 192.168.120.180:9000 port: 8719 management: endpoints: web: exposure: include: "*" logging: level: cc.lisen.springcloud.alibaba.service.NacosPaymentService: debug #设置feign客户端超时时间(OpenFeign默认支持ribbon) nacos-provider-payment: ribbon: #指的是建立连接所用的时间，适用于网络状况正常的情况下,两端连接所用的时间 ReadTimeout: 5000 #指的是建立连接后从服务器读取到可用资源所用的时间 ConnectTimeout: 5000 NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: cc.lisen.springcloud.alibaba.config.CustomerBalancerRule sentinel: enabled: true修改启动类@SpringBootApplication //@EnableDiscoveryClient @EnableFeignClients public class NacosConsumerOrderMain8888 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(NacosConsumerOrderMain8888.class, args); } }定义Feign接口@FeignClient(value = "nacos-provider-payment", fallback = NacosPaymentServiceFallback.class) public interface NacosPaymentService { @GetMapping(value = "/echo/{string}") String echo(@PathVariable("string") String string); } class NacosPaymentServiceFallback implements NacosPaymentService { @Override public String echo(String string) { return "进入feignClient fallback了"; } }定义测试接口 @GetMapping("/echo/{id}") public String echo(@PathVariable("id") String id) { log.info("******************输出：" + id); return nacosPaymentService.echo(id); } -
Spring Cloud使用OpenFeign调用Nacos服务提供者 什么是OpenFeignOpenFeign为微服务架构下服务之间的调用提供了解决方案，OpenFeign是一种声明式、模板化的HTTP客户端。在Spring Cloud中使用OpenFeign，可以做到使用HTTP请求访问远程服务，就像调用本地方法一样的，开发者完全感知不到这是在调用远程方法，更感知不到在访问HTTP请求。Spring Cloud 2020版本已经彻底移除了Netflix相关组件，OpenFeign便是Feign的替换者。本文我们是在Spring Cloud使用Nacos作为服务中心编写服务提供者的基础上进行的，通过OpenFeign调用前面编写的nacos-provider-payment服务。编写服务消费者创建cloudalibaba-consumer-order8888工程，调用我们编写的nacos-provider-payment服务。添加依赖<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>Cloud2020</artifactId> <groupId>cc.lisen</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-order9003</artifactId> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId> <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId> <version>5.7.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId> <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>修改配置文件修改application.yml增加Nacos相关配置。server: port: 8888 spring: application: name: nacos-consumer-order cloud: nacos: discovery: server-addr: 192.168.120.180:1111 management: endpoints: web: exposure: include: "*" 修改启动类添加@EnableFeignClients注解，支持使用OpenFeign@SpringBootApplication //@EnableDiscoveryClient @EnableFeignClients public class NacosConsumerOrderMain8888 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(NacosConsumerOrderMain8888.class, args); } }编写Feign客户端添加@FeignClient注解，value便是我们服务提供者的名称。@FeignClient(value = "nacos-provider-payment") public interface NacosPaymentService { @GetMapping(value = "/echo/{string}") String echo(@PathVariable("string") String string); }测试编写controller进行测试@RestController @Slf4j @RequestMapping("/nacos/consumer") public class NacosConsumerController { @Resource private NacosPaymentService nacosPaymentService; @GetMapping("/echo/{id}") public String echo(@PathVariable("id") String id) throws IllegalAccessException { log.info("******************输出：" + id); return nacosPaymentService.echo(id); } }OpenFeign超时控制OpenFeign调用接口，默认超时时间为1S。我们修改一下nacos-provider-payment服务，让放服务暂停2s，然后查看一下接口调用。 @GetMapping(value = "/echo/{string}") public String echo(@PathVariable("string") String string) { try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return "Hello Nacos Discovery " + string+"\t当前服务端口:"+serverPort; }但是有时候我们业务接口可能需要处理的时间较长，那么我们可以配置接口调用的超时时间。我们可以在配置文件中增加以下内容#设置feign客户端超时时间(OpenFeign默认支持ribbon) ribbon: #指的是建立连接所用的时间，适用于网络状况正常的情况下,两端连接所用的时间 ReadTimeout: 5000 #指的是建立连接后从服务器读取到可用资源所用的时间 ConnectTimeout: 5000我们再次测试接口，可以发现接口可以正常调用。OpenFeign日志打印功能增加日志bean@Configuration public class FeignConfig { @Bean Logger.Level feignLoggerLevel() { return Logger.Level.FULL; } }修改配置文件YML文件里配置需要开启日志的Feign客户端logging: level: cc.lisen.springcloud.alibaba.service.NacosPaymentService: debug测试再次调用接口，可以看到输出的日志负载均衡如果我们同时启动了9001、9002端口，也就是说我们针对服务提供者做了集群，那么我们多次调用服务提供者时，会发现系统会依次输出9001、9002端口。也就是说，OpenFeign自带了负债均衡功能，默认采用的时轮询算法。我们修改一下默认的负债均衡算法，设置的简单一点，如果我们的请求包含name=zhangsan参数，就调用到9001端口，否则就调用9002端口。实现IRule接口public class CustomerBalancerRule implements IRule { private ILoadBalancer balancer = new BaseLoadBalancer(); @Override public Server choose(Object object) { HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes()).getRequest(); String name = request.getParameter("name"); List<Server> servers = balancer.getAllServers(); if ("zhangsan".equals(name)) { if (servers.stream().anyMatch(e -> e.getPort() == 9001)) { return servers.stream().filter(e -> e.getPort() == 9001).collect(Collectors.toList()).get(0); } return servers.get(0); } return servers.get(1); } @Override public void setLoadBalancer(ILoadBalancer iLoadBalancer) { this.balancer = iLoadBalancer; } @Override public ILoadBalancer getLoadBalancer() { return this.balancer; } }配置服务提供者，调用负载均衡算法#设置feign客户端超时时间(OpenFeign默认支持ribbon) nacos-provider-payment: ribbon: #指的是建立连接所用的时间，适用于网络状况正常的情况下,两端连接所用的时间 ReadTimeout: 5000 #指的是建立连接后从服务器读取到可用资源所用的时间 ConnectTimeout: 5000 NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: cc.lisen.springcloud.alibaba.config.CustomerBalancerRule
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Spring Cloud 使用Feign实现声明式Rest调用 Feign是Netflix开发的声明式、模块化的HTTP客户端。Feign可以帮我们更加便捷、优雅的调用HTTP API。在Spring Cloud中，使用Feign非常简单，创建一个接口，并在接口上添加一些注解，代码就完成了。基本使用添加依赖<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> 增加配置文件配置文件与之前类似，不再赘诉。server: port: 8081 eureka: instance: prefer-ip-address: false client: service-url: defaultZone: http://peer1:8761/eureka,http://peer2:8762/eureka spring: application: name: microservice-consumer-movie修改启动类，增加@EnableFeignClients@SpringBootApplication @EnableFeignClients public class MicroserviceConsumerMovieApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MicroserviceConsumerMovieApplication.class, args); } }增加Feign接口/** * 博客：https://lisen.cc * Description: * * @Author: 香草物语 * DateTime: 2021-07-18 12:52 */ @FeignClient(name = "microservice-provider-user") public interface UserFeignClient { @RequestMapping(value = "{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET) User findById(@PathVariable Long id); } 调用@RestController public class MovieController { @Resource private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient; // @Resource // private RestTemplate restTemplate; @Resource private UserFeignClient userFeignClient; // @Resource // private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient; @GetMapping("/user-instance") public List<ServiceInstance> showInfo() { return discoveryClient.getInstances("microservice-provider-user"); } @GetMapping("/user/{id}") public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) { // return restTemplate.getForObject("http://microservice-provider-user/"+id, User.class); return userFeignClient.findById(id); } // @GetMapping("log/microservice-provider-user") // public ServiceInstance userLog() { // return loadBalancerClient.choose("microservice-provider-user"); // } }基于代码Feign自定义配置创建配置类创建Feign的配置类UserFeignConfig，需要注意的是，该类不能添加@Configuration注解，如果添加了@Configuration注解，那么该类不能在主应用程序的@ComponentScan注解扫描包内。/** * 博客：https://lisen.cc * Description:feign配置文件 * * @Author: 香草物语 * DateTime: 2021-07-18 15:39 */ public class UserFeignConfig { /** * 将契约改成Feign原生的契约，这样就可以使用Feign自带的注解了 * @return */ @Bean public Contract feignContract(){ return new Contract.Default(); } }修改Feign接口/** * 博客：https://lisen.cc * Description: * * @Author: 香草物语 * DateTime: 2021-07-18 12:52 */ @FeignClient(name = "microservice-provider-user",configuration = UserFeignConfig.class) public interface UserFeignClient { /** * 使用Feign自带的注解 @RequestLine * @param id * @return */ @RequestLine("GET /{id}") User findById(@Param("id") Long id); }测试@RestController public class MovieController { @Resource private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient; // @Resource // private RestTemplate restTemplate; @Resource private UserFeignClient userFeignClient; // @Resource // private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient; @GetMapping("/user-instance") public List<ServiceInstance> showInfo() { return discoveryClient.getInstances("microservice-provider-user"); } @GetMapping("/user/{id}") public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) { // return restTemplate.getForObject("http://microservice-provider-user/"+id, User.class); return userFeignClient.findById(id); } // @GetMapping("log/microservice-provider-user") // public ServiceInstance userLog() { // return loadBalancerClient.choose("microservice-provider-user"); // } }再次访问http://localhost:8081/user/1，查看输出全局配置以上我们是根据服务进行配置的，我们也可以进行全局配置。在启动类中添加@EnableFeignClients注解@SpringBootApplication @EnableFeignClients(defaultConfiguration = UserFeignConfig.class) public class MicroserviceConsumerMovieApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MicroserviceConsumerMovieApplication.class, args); } } 使用属性自定义Feign配置配置指定名称的Feign Client修改配置文件server: port: 8081 eureka: instance: prefer-ip-address: false client: service-url: defaultZone: http://peer1:8761/eureka,http://peer2:8762/eureka spring: application: name: microservice-consumer-movie feign: client: config: microservice-provider-user: contract: feign.Contract.Default修改Feign接口@FeignClient(name = "microservice-provider-user") public interface UserFeignClient { /** * 使用Feign自带的注解 @RequestLine * @param id * @return */ @RequestLine("GET /{id}") User findById(@Param("id") Long id); }配置全局Feign Client修改配置文件，将指定名称的Feign Client改成default即可。server: port: 8081 eureka: instance: prefer-ip-address: false client: service-url: defaultZone: http://peer1:8761/eureka,http://peer2:8762/eureka spring: application: name: microservice-consumer-movie feign: client: config: default: contract: feign.Contract.DefaultFeign对压缩的支持可以通过以下配置对请求或相应进行压缩。feign: compression: request: enabled: true mime-types: text/xml,application/xml,application/json min-request-size: 2048 response: enabled: true配置Feign日志feign: client: config: default: contract: feign.Contract.Default logging-level: full compression: request: enabled: true mime-types: text/xml,application/xml,application/json min-request-size: 2048 response: enabled: true logging: level: cc.lisen.microserviceconsumermovie.service.UserFeignClient: debug
